Toward computational modeling of the comprehension deficit in Broca’s aphasia
نویسندگان
چکیده
Broca’s aphasics suffer a highly restricted receptive disorder of syntax (Grodzinsky, 2000). They have severe comprehension difficulties with syntactic structures containing transformational operations (i.e., syntactic movement), and exhibit near-normal performance in most other domains of syntax. However, despite the deficit in receptive mechanisms of grammatical analysis, Broca’s aphasics use, in certain cases, semantic cues (i.e., the general knowledge of the world) to get around their deficit. Understanding of cognitive mechanisms that underlay this behavior may be valuable for researchers that aim at addressing the question of enabling dialogue systems to process spontaneously produced user’s utterances of different syntactic forms with no explicit syntactic expectations. This paper presents a cognitively-inspired approach to computational modeling of the comprehension deficit in Broca’s aphasia. We consider a neurolinguistics insight into the comprehension deficit, and introduce three basic requirements for an approach aimed at modeling this deficit. Finally, we discuss that the focus tree is appropriate for modeling the most salient aspects of the comprehension deficit in Broca’s aphasia. V smeri računalniškega modeliranja motenj v razumevanju pri Brockovi afaziji Pacienti z Brockovo afazijo imajo zelo specifično motnjo pri razumevanju sintakse (Grodzinsky, 2000). Imajo resne težave pri razumevanju sintaksnih struktur, ki vključujejo t.i. sintaksni premik, medtem ko je njihovo razumevanje v preostalih domenah sintakse blizu normalnemu. Vendar lahko ti pacienti navkljub motnji v receptivnem mehanizmu gramatične analize v določenih primerih uporabljajo semantične namige (t.j. splošno znanje o svetu), da bi zaobšli motnjo pri razumevanju sintakse. Razumevanje kognitivnih mehanizmov, ki botrujejo takemu obnašanju, je lahko ključnega pomena za razvoj sistemov dialoga za obdelavo spontano izgovorjenih sporočil z različnimi sintaksnimi strukturami brez predefinirane gramatike. Članek predstavlja kognitivno naravnan pristop k računalniškemu modeliranju motenj v razumevanju pri Brockovi afaziji. Obravnava nevrolingvistični vpogled v deficit pri razumevanju ter predlaga tri osnovne zahteve za modeliranje te motnje. Iz zaključne diskusije je razvidno, da je model fokusnega drevesa primeren za modeliranje najbolj izrazitih vidikov motnje v razumevanju pri Brockovi afaziji.
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